Nasogastric Tube, What Is Its Use?

The nasogastric tube can also be used to perform stomach lavages or to introduce medications.

The nasogastric tube is a tube that is inserted through the nose until it reaches the stomach, passing through the esophagus. It is usually made of plastic or silicone. Also called a gastric feeding tube.

Is very useful. It is used to feed people who have problems chewing or swallowing food. It is also used to eliminate stomach contents or administer certain medications.

In this article we explain its main uses, its care and its possible complications.

What is the nasogastric tube used for?

As we have mentioned, the tube allows you to feed a person who has difficulty swallowing or chewing food. It leads the food directly to the stomach and, therefore, it is not used to digest it, only to facilitate its arrival in this organ.

It is usually used in patients with metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders. In the same way, it is used in certain mental illnesses that make normal eating difficult; also in severe cases of malnutrition or prematurity.

On the other hand, the nasogastric tube serves to drain stomach contents. It is a process that takes place when there is an obstruction along the digestive tract. Also, even in situations of intoxication or to prepare a patient for anesthesia.

In addition, other substances can be administered through it, such as certain medications. It should always be indicated by a doctor. In fact, only doctors or nurses can place it. Even so, patients who wear it must provide certain care and maintenance.

How is the nasogastric tube cared for?

Most patients spend time with the tube. Therefore, it is essential to know how to take care of it at home. First of all, you have to keep the outside clean. For this you can use a gauze moistened with warm soapy water. Afterwards, it must be rinsed and dried.

The ideal is to introduce a little water after each meal or medication ; it is usually enough to put between 5 and 10 ml. In the same way, it is necessary to check that the probe is in the correct position. To do this, you have to look at the marks that are drawn on it.

If the tube becomes clogged, it must be replaced. In some situations, there is a family member trained for it. However, it is advisable to call a doctor or nurse. When nothing is being delivered, the tube connector should be closed.

Other tips

When using a nasogastric tube, pay attention to the nose and mouth. If possible, the ideal is to rotate the probe from time to time and change the area where it contacts the nose to avoid irritation. If it cannot be done daily, it is mandatory to do it when it is dirty or when the plaster does not stick enough.

We must clean the nostrils every day. For this, we can use moistened cotton swabs. Likewise, we must continue to take care of oral hygiene. Even if you are not chewing, you should continue brushing your teeth and tongue, at least twice a day.

On the other hand, it is recommended to apply moisturizer in the area of ​​the nose and lips since the skin of the face is sensitive. The tube usually causes some irritation and the cream can reduce it.

What are the most common complications?

Although the nasogastric tube is a very useful device, it has certain complications. First of all, it can cause injury to the nose. As we have already said, the best way to avoid this is to change the position of the probe. In addition, we must disinfect and wash the area. If the injury is significant, the nostril can be changed.

When an obstruction occurs, you can try to resolve it by introducing warm water through the probe. In the event that the obstruction remains, a doctor must be contacted. However, most blockages can be avoided by introducing a little water after each feeding.

Another common complication is that the tube comes out. This can happen accidentally or voluntarily as some patients find it bothersome. Whatever it is, it must be replaced, with the help of someone specialized.

Nausea and vomiting are also common. Especially when the patient is not well positioned. To avoid this, you have to try to lie down with an inclination of about 45º. It should also be avoided that the food passes too quickly.

In conclusion

The nasogastric tube is a widely used instrument. Although you must follow medical instructions, it is important to know how to care for and maintain it. Before any doubt or complication, it is important to go to a specialist.